I promised I'd put the slides up. Here they are.
The books I mentioned in the talk were probably something like:
Hardy and Wright: introduction to the theory of numbers
Baker: a concise introduction to number theory
Silverman: a friendly introduction to number theory
and I was going to mention Mordell's book on Diophantine Equations, but I said less about Diophantine Equations than I was planning.
More generally pretty much any book on elementary number theory should have some of this stuff in.
You should now know whether you're in group KB1, KB2 or KB3. On Fri 8th June I'm expecting KB1 1400-1430, KB2 1430-1500 and KB3 1500-1530.